One of the biggest concerns for many people moving to Europe is customs. Questions like ‘Will my belongings wait at the border?’, ‘Will I pay extra tax?’, ‘Which documents should I prepare?’ are frequently asked. In this article, we explain the customs process step by step.
What is a Personal Effects Declaration?
Turkish citizens who obtain a residence permit abroad can transport used household goods from Turkey as ‘personal effects’ without customs duty. For this, certain conditions must be met and the correct documents must be prepared. This right can be used only once; therefore, it is important to plan the scope well.
Which Documents Are Required?
Although they vary by country, the generally required documents are:
- Passport photocopy (all pages)
- Residence permit or oturma izni document in the destination country
- Item list (in Turkish and the language of the destination country, signed)
- Document proving you have left your address in Turkey (eviction record, lease termination document, etc.)
- If a vehicle is being transported: vehicle registration, vehicle valuation document, traffic insurance
Why is the Item List So Important?
The most critical step in the customs process is the item list. An item not on the list may be held at customs; incorrectly declared items can lead to taxes and penalties. The item list must be prepared in both Turkish and the language of the destination country; for each item, quantity, brand/model, and approximate value must be specified.
Frequently Asked About Items at Customs
Some items attract particular attention at customs. Knowing these prevents surprises:
- Electronic devices: Brand new (packaged) items are not considered personal effects. They must be used.
- Alcohol and tobacco products: Each country has specific limits, exceeding these limits is subject to tax.
- Herbal products and food: Due to the EU's strict quarantine rules, some products are prohibited or restricted.
- High-value items (jewelry, artwork, etc.): May require a separate declaration and valuation document.
How Long Does the Process Take?
A personal effects declaration completed with full documentation is approved within 1–3 business days in most EU countries. In case of missing documents or errors, this period can extend to 2–3 weeks. In some countries (especially the Netherlands and Germany), an online pre-application system is used; this speeds up the process.
Who is Responsible for Customs Costs?
Customs duty is not paid for shipments covered by personal effects exemption. However, customs broker fees, declaration fees, and translation costs, if any, may be incurred. These costs can be included in your shipping package — Oregon Cargo offers transparently separate these items.
Our Most Important Advice
The biggest risk in the customs process is sending incomplete documents by saying ‘we'll handle it’. A truck waiting at the border means both significant cost and significant stress. Choosing the right company eliminates this risk from the outset.
